King Lear :: William Shakespeare England Essays

King Lear Shakespeare's King Lear is a tragic play about an English king and his three daughters. It is a tragic play because it takes Lear all his long life and much suffering to realize the true value of the thing that he takes for granted, his youngest daughter Cordelia. The old king, Lear, spoiled by his absolute power and his habit of receiving instant gratification, asks his daughters to verbalize the feelings that each has for her father in exchange for his kingdom. At this point the old king's downfall and a late life lesson for what years remain in Lear's life begin. The first two daughters, Goneril and Regan, put on an unnecessarily hyperbolic display of flattery just as their father requests, but the youngest daughter, Cordelia, plainly acknowledges that she loves her father according to her bond. This plain declaration made by Lear's favorite daughter infuriates the old King, and, blinded by his rage and old age, Lear disowns Cordelia, revokes her dowry and banishes her. Despite this, the King of France marries Cordelia and makes her queen of France. Not much time transpires before Goneril and Regan throw their own father out into the storm. Lear finds himself without a kingdom, and without family, for he rejects his youngest daughter for telling the truth and shortly after his two eldest daughters, who showered him with flattery when the time was right, reject him. Alone and powerless, Lear spends the night under a stormy sky and embraces the natural elements that lash out at him. To his surprise and disbelief, Cordelia lands with the French forces in order to restore her father's name and to redress the wrong that her two sisters have committed against the old Lear who, in the reader's eyes, exchanges his title of "King" for that of "Fool." GRAPH

Review of Related Literature and Studies Essay

Being always present in class and getting to school on time are two of the crucial determining factors of a student’s success, not just as a student but as a person who will be managing his/her own life in the future. Given the importance of being punctual, this study aims to explore and find out the factors that affect the punctuality of UP students. In this chapter, we will be discussing about the background of our study. It includes facts about tardiness, the different factors that causes it and its effect to the students as students and as bearer of their own lives in the future. From reliable research materials like online journals and research papers, we will provide some facts and theories from authors, teachers and notable people in order to have a concrete justification of our study. First, we will give a definition of tardiness and present some theories and facts about it. Next, we will discuss he various factors that causes the students to come to school late, the psychological theories, the observation of the teachers and the personal reasons of the students. Lastly, the effects of tardiness to students, not just to himself/herself but also to his/her future and to other people, will be discussed. Tardiness As UP students, we are expected to perform well with excellence in everything that we do, most especially in the academic aspect. One factor that dictates the quality of performance of a student is his/her punctuality that is, getting to school on time or being tardy. As cited by Nakpodia and Dafiaghor (2011), â€Å"lateness† can be defined as the â€Å"situation where an individual arrives after the proper, scheduled or usual time (Oxford Advance Learners’ Dictionary, 5th ed., 1995), Lauby (2009) puts it as a term used to describe â€Å"people not showing up on time† and Breeze et al. (2010) contributed by saying that, lateness is synonymous with â€Å"tardiness†, which implies being slow to act or slow to respond, thus not meeting up with proper or usual timing. Lastly, Weade (2004) defined tardiness as â€Å"being late for any measurable length of time past the stated or scheduled start time for work or school.† In most schools, a student is con sidered tardy  when he/she is not present when the school bell rings or when the first teacher starts to give instructional materials for the first subject in the morning class. One of the most recurring and the most â€Å"frustrating problem† that the schools are having with their students nowadays is tardiness (Sprick and Daniels, 2007). It creates problems, not just to the students but also to the teachers (Cowan Avenue Elementary School Community, 2007, para 1). Cowan Crier, the official School Publication of CAESC, also states that while having â€Å"occasional tardy† isn’t a big deal, unfailing tardiness is and it gives students problems including being ill-prepared for the job market. According to the results of the study of the U.S. Department of Education on â€Å"truancy†, which is related to tardiness, being present and on time in going to school are big factors on the â€Å"success and behavior† of the students (Zeiger, 2010, para 1). Thus, it is a lot important to value time and practice being on time while being a student. According to CAESC (2007) and Zeiger (2010), the most essential learning time of the day for the students lies in the morning, specifically between 8:00 to 9:30 AM. It is because the students are most mindful and observant at this time of the day. It is also the reason why the most important lessons and subject matters are discussed during this time. So when students are late or are not present during this time of the day, they, in effect, miss out most of the important lessons to be noted and learned. Factors affecting Punctuality Reasons for being late in class and other factors affecting the punctuality if a student vary. There had been some theories that pointed out that tardiness is caused by the personality of a person. Santillano (2010) stated that psychological theorists considered some â€Å"personality traits, including low self-esteem and anxiety† as triggering factors of tardiness (para 2). She also mentioned that while some theorists considered tardiness as an â€Å"inborn quality† since our being early or late is â€Å"partially biologically determined†, which she also agreed, other experts also believed that some people are â€Å"chronically tardy† for the reason that they consciously and unconsciously get good things from it (para 3). In the book cited by Santillano, â€Å"Never be late again: 7 cures for the punctually challenged†, the author Diana DeLonzor suggested that some  personality traits could most likely lead to a person being often late. Some of the traits included were â€Å"struggling with self control†, â€Å"feeling nervous or uncomfortable with social situations† and â€Å"getting distracted easily† (para 4). Santillano also discussed about the study conducted by DeLonzor at San Francisco State University in 1997 in which she surveyed 225 respondents about their habits that makes them late from their appointments. It was also a test on the personalities of the respondents that affect their habits. According to the results of DeLonzor’s study, those respondents that were often tardy apt to be anxious and gets distracted easily. Nakpodia and Dafiaghor attribute lateness or tardiness to a lot of factors or causes. Going late to bed and waking up late next morning are the most common. The authors added film-watching late at night as a cause for tardiness. The student may forget that he/she needs to be in school the next day. The distance between the student’s home and school or solely the school’s location is also considered by Nakpodia and Dafiaghor as a possible cause for tardiness. Not just because it takes more time to get to school, but according to the authors, the student is susceptible to more distractions and hindrances along the way. Parent’s untimely tasks and commands are also reasons that students come late to school. Habitual tardiness can also be learned from other members of the family, especially from the older ones. Lack of a firm and consistent policy on punctuality also encourages students to come late at school since there are no consequences attached to lateness or tardiness. These causes of tardiness will lead to serious effects. Another study was the one conducted by Enamiroro Oghuvbu in Nigeria. The objective of the study was to determine the causes of the absenteeism and lateness among the secondary students in Nigeria and to seek for solutions to the growing problem. According to Oghuvbu (2008), female students are more likely to be late than male students because of â€Å"their involvement in domestic activities by their parents† (para 7). Also, as cited by Oghuvbu, â€Å"distance to school, school discipline, family background and school location† (Emore, 2005) are some of the common causes for the tardiness of the secondary students. Oghuvbu collected the data from a sample size of 17, 417 Nigerian respondents from 2005-2006. The sample was made up of 20 principals and 50 each from a set of teachers, parents and students. The means of collecting  data was through a thirty-item questionnaire answerable by either strongly agree (SA), agreed (A), disagree (D), and strongly disagreed (SD). The questionnaire had four questions, one of which was about the causes of lateness among the secondary students of Nigeria. The study revealed that the causes of lateness among the secondary students in Nigeria were â€Å"going late to bed because of watching films and home movies, resulting into wake up late in the morning, distance to school and keeping friends who are not students† (Oghuvbu, 2008). These results went consistent with the results of Oghuvbu’s reference studies which proves that tardiness among students have been a growing problem and that it is caused, not just because of the students but also because of the lack of imposing discipline from the parents. Another research partly studied about tardiness but tackled a specific reason or factor. A study by Pimentel and Quijada (2011) focused on the frequency of use by the UP Cebu freshmen students of Facebook and a part of the study tackled about the effect of the famous social networking site to UP Cebu students’ punctuality and academic performance. For their study, Pimentel and Quijada collected 60 respondents and provided them with questionnaires. The questionnaires contained questions that ask the respondents about their use of Facebook and its effects. A certain question asked the respondents if late-night use of Facebook has an effect on their punctuality. According to the results of the study, three out of 60 respondents are always late, eight said they are sometimes late, 12 said they are seldom late and 37 said that they never get late due to late-night use of Facebook. Generally, the results showed that the respondents are seldom late in class because of late-night use of the social networking site. Ledoux, as cited by Pimentel and Quijada, said that lack of sleep causes neural malfunctions and further affects a person’s behavior. In the study’s case, it is a student’s punctuality that is affected. Sometimes, it is not solely the students’ fault why they keep on being late in coming to class. Another factor that could affect the punctuality of a student is the response of the teachers to tardy students. Sprick and Daniels (2007) stated that the range of the teachers’ response was â€Å"from ignoring them to sending them to office† (p. 21). This variation could lead the students to confusion as to how important it is to be on time in going to class. Another reason is the lack of motivation. Students who  come to school on time are not given incentives or rewards. Also, responses to tardiness are lenient, that is nothing is done until the tenth strike or more. Another reason is â€Å"giving the student the impression that they won’t be missing anything if they are late† since in some classes, no important activities or instructions and no lessons are being done for first few minutes. Lastly, crowded hallways could create traffic, thus blocking the way of other students and making it hard for them to pass through. Effects of Tardiness Tardiness among students has its own negative repercussions. Nakpodia and Dafiaghor (2011) emphasized that lateness or tardiness is not just the problem of the late student but it affects the surrounding people. A student coming late in class distracts the rest of the students and disrupts the flow of the teacher’s discussion. It is even a burden to the student/s whom the late students ask for what to catch up with. The rest of the effects given by Nakpodia and Dafiaghor are about the welfare of the whole school, its productivity and revenue. Knowing the possible effects of lateness or tardiness, it is necessary for solutions to be executed. Studies have revealed that those students with â€Å"perfect or near-perfect attendance† have good grades compared to those students who misses classes often and late-comers (Cowan Avenue Elementary School Community, 2007, para 3). Moreover, as mentioned by Zeiger (2010), the results from the survey report conducted by teachers show that students with high tardiness rates have â€Å"higher rates of suspension and other disciplinary measures† (National Center for Education Statistics Indicators of School Crime and Safety [NCESISCS] (2007)). It also causes the students to have behavioral problems and to drop out. Lastly, Zeiger (2010) stated that â€Å"Students who are frequently tardy to school are also more apt to be fired from a job for showing up late† (para 5). A study conducted by Barbara Lee Weade on 2004 tried to â€Å"determine if school tardiness is a predictor of work tardiness† (Weade, 2004). It provided a lot of literature that observes correlations and factors affecting a student’s tardiness. As cited by Weade, the 3rd most common cause for the failure of a student is â€Å"excessive tardiness and unexcused absences† (Ligon and Jackson, 1988).  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Inconsistency of school rules† (Britt, 1988) and situations such as â€Å"crowded halls, limited opportunities for social interaction, irrelevant course content, and teacher indifference† (Damico et al., 1990) are also factors that affect a student’s attendance and punctuality. As mentioned by Weade, personal v alues, financial security and lack of parental guidance (Payne, 2001) as well as family background (Featherstone et al., 1992) influence tardiness and absences of students. Weade gathered data from the schools of participating students. First and foremost, she asked consent from the students and their parents in order to gain permission to collect their school records. She collected and studied the attendance and punctuality records of these students based on the number of unexcused absences and minutes of tardiness. Her study showed that among high school students, the grade point average is correlated with absences and tardiness. This means that students with better attendance and punctuality have higher grade point averages and vis-à  -vis. Her study was also able to show that attendance and punctuality of students are not consistent throughout the year. There were more absences and tardiness at the latter part of the year. Gender has also shown to be a non-factor in the attendance and punctuality of high school students. The study was very comprehensive in its subject matter. It tackles not just school tardiness but its implications on work tardiness. It shows that â€Å"students who are on-time for school classes are also likely to be on-time at work while students who are tardy frequently at school will probably also be tardy at work† (Weade, 2004). The study requires a lot of data but Weade was able to gather a sufficient amount. Though some possible correlations were not established, it is outside the scope of this research. Due to the fact that tardiness has been giving negative effects on the students nowadays, the most important thing to do is to develop a firm, consistent and functional policy that addresses late students. There must be defined sanctions and penalties for late students. Nakpodia and Dafiaghor (2011) stated that school administrators must lead by example. They should be punctual in their own meetings and classes to avoid students to think that being late is just alright since even the authoritative persons are doing it. They should as well teach it and integrate it in every lesson. The effort on the remedy on lateness or tardiness does not start and end with  the school. It must begin with the parents of the students and the government must take part as well. Transportation must be improved in order to avoid students getting stuck in traffic or encountering other obstacles down the streets. Some schools have already started finding solutions that would effectively minimize and/or eliminate tardiness among students. One of the solutions made by some schools is implementing tardiness policies, wherein they take steps in approaching the students and parents for them to solve the problem. CAESC has their policy worked this way. Other schools initiated interdisciplinary curriculum that integrates discipline and conduct in academics. Cordogan (as cited by Weade, 2004), said that a school in Chicago, Illinois adapted a similar curriculum and yielded positive results. Students under the interdisciplinary program exhibited more positive behaviors from students not from the curriculum. Interdisciplinary students showed less absences and tardiness, as well as higher grades. Other schools made smaller academic changes such as developing personality works and cooperative learning activities, such as creation of portfolios and tutorial to younger students. These taught the students better goal-setting, decision making skills and time management. In return, students under these behavior modification programs yielded less tardiness and higher grades. To summarize, many studies have shown the reasons and factors that may contribute to the tardiness of a student. One of the mentioned reasons of tardy students was waking up late in the morning, which can also be attributed to late-night activities, such as social networking, watching movies and television shows, as well as untimely academic and domestic errands. As proven by several studies, sometimes, it’s not also the act of the student that leads to his/her tardiness. The heavy traffic, the teachers, the school surroundings and policies may also serve as influences to the tardiness of students. Many studies have also shown the effects of tardiness on the students, the teachers, the school and the society. According to these studies, the tardiness of a student consumes his/her learning time as well as disturbs other students and teachers. The tardy student also poses as a threat to the school as an educational and professional institution and the student may be one of the less productive members of the society. A lot of studies as well gave testimonies to effective remedies  on tardiness. These studies promoted integration of personality development and interdisciplinary programs into school curriculum to aid students enhance positive behavior and personality leading to the decrease of tardiness. Our study intends to find out the tardiness of UP Cebu students and the reasons and factors that may influence this tardiness.

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Essay - 1933 Words

The quote (sourced from Tiatia-Seath, 2016) â€Å"of all forms of inequality, injustice in health care is the most shocking† – Dr Martin Luther King Jr. will be used to illustrate four examples of injustices in health. Firstly, patient dumping is gaining popularity among hospitals in the United States due to a lack of funding. This example highlights the ways corporate organisations can readily evade prosecution from injustices in health by creating an alternative to the traditional way of patient dumping. Secondly, the example of gender inequality will be used to aid in the understanding the importance of equality by using the Yentl Syndrome in relation to coronary diseases to demonstrate injustices. Thirdly, this essay will discuss the social injustice in terms of the differences in health among high socio-economic status (SES) citizens and low SES citizens. The fundamental cause theory will assist in answering the unknown causes of deaths among low SES citizens. As a final point, the differences in mortality rates and life expectancy among Maori and Pakeha highlights inequalities among ethnic groups in New Zealand. These examples effortlessly demonstrate four injustices in health that are considered shocking. Such examples are merely the surface with an array of inequalities in health stemming from a historical, social and cultural context. The U.S. Commission on Civil Rights (2014) details the rise in patient dumping from in the last ten years. Previously, hospitals wereShow MoreRelatedDr. Martin Luther King Jr.658 Words   |  3 PagesIndividual Project Martin Luther King Jr. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. inspired myself along with many other nationalities all over the world in so many ways. He was a very courageous and intelligent man who fought so hard for the blacks or African-Americans like myself to have equal rights like the whites or Caucasian people. Just as other civil rights leaders such as Rosa Parks, Dr. King felt that it just wasn’t fair that the black people was segregatedRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King Jr. Essay871 Words   |  4 Pages Dr. Martin Luther King Jr was born in Atlanta Georgia on January 15, 1929. His parents were Reverend Martin Luther King Sr. and Alberta Williams King. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and his siblings were guided by the spiritual teachings from their father and attended public schools in Atlanta during their childhood. King and his nine siblings grew up in a financially secure middle class family. They received a better education than the average child of their race, King noticed this and it influencedRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. is unarguably the most famous civil rights900 Words   |  4 Pages Martin Luther King Jr. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. is unarguably the most famous civil rights activist in American history. His story and legacy is taught in classrooms across the country. From birth to death, Dr. King impacted the lives of many people and changed the roles of society forever. Dr. King had one big dream and what shaped his dream begins in Atlanta,, Georgia, and ends in Memphis, Tennessee. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was born into a loving and caring family on January 15, 1929 inRead More Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Essay2605 Words   |  11 Pages Martin Luther King Jr. King, Martin Luther, Jr. (1929-1968), American clergyman and Nobel Prize winner, one of the principal leaders of the American civil rights movement and a prominent advocate of nonviolent protest. Kingamp;#8217;s challenges to segregation and racial discrimination in the 1950s and 1960s helped convince many white Americans to support the cause of civil rights in the United States. 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He is the father of the modern civil rights movement, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., is recognized around the world as a symbol of freedom as well as peace. King practiced everything that he preached, he did not preach or speak values that he himself did not follow. He established himself as a pastor that was not afraid of hard work, guiding the middle-class congregation to public service. For example, Peake, Thomas

Essay The Policies Of The Palestine Liberation Organisation

The Policies Of The Palestine Liberation Organisation Before 1964, most Palestinians hoped that Arab states nearby would destroy the state of Israel. Inspired by Nasser in Egypt, they expected him to lead an Arab army in a campaign to successfully destroy Israeli power. However, time passed, and little progress was made, leading to many Palestinians becoming disillusioned with the help they received from the Arab states that they were relying on. Instead, they began to set up their own organisations, to defend Palestinian rights, and to fight against the state of Israel. One of the first of these was called ‘Fatah’. Set up in 1959 by Palestinian exiles in Kuwait, its leader was a young†¦show more content†¦Palestine should be an Arab state. These views were stated in the Palestinian National Charter, a document that set out the key principles of the PLO. It was originally written in 1964, but revised in 1968. Yet Arafat had many problems. Fatah was the biggest group in the PLO, but there were many others as well, meaning a very loose structure to the organisation. Many of these groups took a much harder line than Fatah, and were based in Syria. Another important policy was that the PLO insisted that Armed Struggle was the best way to liberate Palestine. Arafat launched a guerrilla war on the Israelis, driven by the success of the Algerian Nationalists in driving the French from Algeria. But in this case, the Israeli forces were too strong, and the war failed. With this failure, the PLO decided to launch attacks on Israeli civilians, and civilian targets, these acts condemned as terrorism. Mainly carried out by splinter groups of the PLO, the main body did play a part in the attacks. In 1970, 3 airliners were hijacked, and destroyed in Jordan, gaining massive publicity for the organisation. In 1972, Black September, a group in the PLO, was responsible for the deaths of 11 Israeli athletes at the Munich Olympic games. 26 Israeli civilians were killed by Japanese supporters of a group in the organisation at Lod airport, and in 1976, anotherShow MoreRelatedHistorical Conflict Between Palestine And Israel1176 Words   |  5 PagesSeptember, 1993, a seldom moment between Israeli Prime Minister, Yitzhak Rabin and Palestinian Liberation Organisation Chairman, Yasser Arafat marked a context in history. The Oslo Peace Accords had been written and signed by the two leaders – the newly found peace, marked with a single handshake. Unfortunately, this ideal of a non-violent and diplomatic future did not prevail. The peace process between Palestine and Israel failed due to the assassination of Yitzhak Rabin, subsequent to the handshake signallingRead MoreThe Historical Area Of Israel And Palestine1493 Words   |  6 PagesThe history of the geographical area substituting Israel and Palestine is one of war and bloodshed. For nearly three millennia people have been fighting over the ‘Holy Land’ in wars that were religious in their essence. An understanding of the historic background of the area is important to comprehend the present-day reasons for the complexity of the task of conflict resolution. The simplified timeline provided below is an attempt to summarise the most important events. Since the Israelites’ conquestRead MoreAnalysis Of Street Art Of Israel And Palestine1370 Words   |  6 PagesBefore the study of street art in Israel and Palestine can begin, first, one must understand why these artworks are there - a basic principle in any art theory. 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How Did Steinbeck Influence Of Mice And Men - 912 Words

Steinbeck’s influence in of Mice and Men Steinbeck’s personal views on people he perceived as less than him shaped of Mice and Men. He had created a story that was in direct correlation with the people that he encountered in his everyday life. Steinbeck developed characters off his own biased opinions of those people. He falls into place within his own story without ever mentioning his own name. Overall Steinbeck based the story off his personal views. Steinbeck’s parents, John Ernst Steinbeck and Olive Hamilton, had both imprinted their own perspectives on him. His father was a county treasurer and his mother was a school teacher (Commire 176). He had received his economic views from his father. Due to his success and wealth, he†¦show more content†¦They talk as if they were born and raised on a farm, and never given the opportunity to be properly educated, much like the people Steinbeck was involved with. The characters in of Mice and Men can be compa red to real people from Steinbeck’s life. During Steinbeck’s days of being a ranch hand, he was surrounded by workers that represent George and Lennie. â€Å"Two migrant ranch hands, George and the mentally challenged Lennie, and their simple yet ultimately thwarted dream of owning their own land.† (â€Å"John Steinbeck†). All their lives they had jumped from job to job because of Lennie’s disability. They had experienced several difficulties due to Lennie’s inability to control himself, so their dream of a farm full of rabbits and other animals had seemed to be nothing more than a dream. Other people within the story had also been in direct relation to those of his personal life. Curley’s wife had been depicted as a harlot. This specific character could have been put into place due to Steinbeck’s several failed marriages. Steinbeck had been married to Carol Henning from 1930 to 1943, Gwyn Conger from 1943 to 1949, and then set tled down with Elaine Scott in 1950 (Commire 176). Curley’s wife was referred to as a â€Å"tart† or â€Å"jailbait†, she was tempting the men in a way that no man can resist. She was doing all of this out of pure revenge, Curley left her alone on the farm all the time because he was a very busyShow MoreRelatedInfluence Of Writer s Life And Times1416 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment #1: Influence of Writer’s Life and Times No other period in American history did the civilian population suffer the most financially than in the 1930s. The unemployment level rose to an all-time high, and inflation made it nearly impossible for the common man to afford basic luxuries. It was in this era that John Steinbeck wrote a short story based off of migrant laborers set in his hometown of Salinas. 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Communication Technology free essay sample

A look at three major technology platforms for communication: Wireless Access Protocol, General Packet Radio Service, and the third generation Universal Mobile Telecommunication System. This paper examines these three main types of platforms for this technology and their suitability with the consumers. Each system is defined and advantages-disadvantages discussed. The writer looks at the compatibility of each system for different services required. The acronym WAP stands for Wireless Access Protocol. This simply means that it is through WAP the wireless devices communicate. A lot of different types of data can be sent via a WAP. One of the main uses of WAP is in cellular phones and the exchange of data being voice or short messages. WAP is technically compatible with most of the GSM services and clients. There can be either a dedicated WAP server or a traditional web server to power the WAP. All these components must communicate with one another, as WAP itself is only a protocol. We will write a custom essay sample on Communication Technology or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Situation Analysis Case Study of Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank

Question: Discuss about the Situation Analysis Case Study of Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank . Answer: Overview of the offering Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank is the product selected for the study which is an electronic gadget (Weinstein and Pohlman 2015). The product named as Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank is selected for the study because it is different from normal power bank and can be used for more than one product at a time. This is an innovative product that actually will meet the needs of customers who are willing to purchase it at a price. The main reason behind selecting the product is the problem that arises when it is difficult to use mobile phone power bank to charge laptops as well (Sheth and Sisodia 2015). Hence, this new product named as Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank can charge both at the same time. Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank is an electronic gadget that has variety if useful features in comparison to normal power bank. Furthermore, the specifications for Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank are 900mAH battery capacity that is exactly double the capacity than the normal power bank (Pealoza, Toulouse and Visconti 2013). Therefore, using Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank, it can also charge 3 to 4 Smart phones at single time; it can start a car through jump starter and also a torch with multi USB. PESTEL Analysis Political Issues- There is huge governmental interference in countries like New Zealand when it comes to selling of electronic gadgets. This particular electronic gadget will face political pressures in New Zealand where the political environment is unstable as well as prone to frequent changes especially in the governing structures. There, this innovative electronic gadget has to worry about the political instability in New Zealand as they are involved into strategic calculations for near future (Meffert 2013). Economic Issues- In case of economic crisis and increase in the inflation rates, the sale of Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank will hugely affect in the country like New Zealand. It depends upon the purchasing power of consumer whether they can afford the price of Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank with the income they get. Socio-cultural Issues- With the frequent change in trends and fashion, it is difficult for the marketers to think of any new innovative product that will be preferable to customers for longer period of time. In case of electronic gadgets, the purchase gets largely influenced by the lifestyle preferences of consumers where the socio-cultural factors are different (Kotler et al. 2015). Technological Issues- Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank is a technology-driven product where the product harnesses the power of technology as well as innovation for gaining sustainable business advantage. With the advancement of technology, it is now difficult to meet the needs of individuals as they need innovative products at each phases of life. Ecological Issues- Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank has to be aware of the need for making its products for becoming ethical consumer. The power bank product should not compromise upon working conditions or the wages that is paid to the labors who actually engages in producing the final product. Legal Issues- There is many laws and regulations imposed on producing electronic gadgets if it is otherwise imitated or copied from other brands (Kotler et al. 2014). Competitor Analysis The product category of Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank is electronic gadget that deals in electronic industry. Electronic industry is a highly integrated industry where Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank product will be constant under intense direct as well as indirect competition. Direct competition comes from existing as well as emerging competitors from other electronics companies from countries such as China, Taiwan and South Korea. Indirect competitors, on the other hand come from alternative technologies (Hollensen 2015). The electronic gadgets such as Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank faces stiff competition from existing electronic players such as Apple, Samsung and Nokia who already are technology giant and has large market share. The product named as Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank will be offered at affordable prices to that of its competitors. It is necessary for a marketer to form a new pricing strategy that can be directly compared with that of competitor. Keeping the price lower is not always a preferable strategy as it widely depends upon the customers perceptions regarding the product in a different ways (Foxall 2014). The listed competitors are Apple who is a technology giant but provides their electronic gadgets at higher rates or pricing. Samsung, on the other hand, keeps their pricing strategy to a rate where people can afford and it provides in variety of ranges. Nokia, in recent times are losing their customer base and market share as they are not able to come up with any new innovative electronic gadgets (Ekpo et al. 2015). SWOT Analysis Strengths and Weakness- One of the strength of Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank product is cost advantages, unique advantages as well as updated technology that meets the needs of tech-savvy individuals. High debt burden, online presence as well as weak supply chain and cost structure are few of the weakness that is faced by the product named as Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank (Dickinson 2014). Opportunities and Threats- The electronic gadgets make the economy grow at faster pace. There is evolving technology and online presence that will provide opportunity for the product to grow in the near future. Threats include volatile currencies, mature markets as well as intense competition and political risk at the same time. Segmentation approach Geographic segmentation-The product will be made available through online sites where free courier services will be provided to the local consumer in New Zealand country. In case the order comes from outside the country, then shipping charges will be applicable (Chernev 2014). Demographic segmentation- The product will be made available to the demographic population irrespective of age, race, religion as well as gender and income. This can be segmented into various markets that help particular products for targeting their customers in an accurate form. Psychographic segmentation-The product will be available for the technology savvy customers depending upon the personality traits, values and beliefs that they possess. Behavioral segmentation- The product can be segmented in according to the buying behavior of the customers in accordance to the knowledge as well as response to the particular product. Target audiences Primary Target Market- The primary target market is the online platform where this innovative electronic product will be available to the tech savvy individuals. Profiling the product geographically means worldwide presence as they offer their products online (Bickhoff, Hollensen and Opresnik 2014). On demographic terms, they will target the youth population and high income earned groups who are tech savvy and always shows interest for any innovative electronic gadgets that can help them in their work. On psychological terms, the product targets the youth population who poses the values and beliefs to take advantage of battery backup that can actually them charge their mobiles and laptops at the same time. On behavioral terms, the product targets the customers who have the willingness to purchase innovative electronic gadgets through recommendations by their friends at higher education and colleagues at work. The size of the market is huge as the product target online medium for making the customer aware of their unique offerings. Purchase characteristics of the product include Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank is a multi tasking product that can charge more than one mobile within short period of time in comparison with other power banks. Customers can even use the facility of torch at the same time. Furthermore, the product can also start the car when battery gone flat. This electronic gadget has more battery backups. This product is user-friendly and customers can carry it very easily in their pocket. Addition accessories will be provided along with Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank such as extra universal connection, multi charger as well as USB cables and wall charger. The product will come with some extra LED bulbs for the torch. Secondary target market- Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank targets the supermarkets such as warehouse as well as super cheap as their secondary target sources. This is the place where the product can provide samples to the automobiles shops as well as advertise the power bank in the car fairs and car yards at the same time. The marketer of the newly launched product has to contact with the automobile industry. On geographical terms, Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank will be made available at stores, automobile shops, car fairs and car yards in local areas. On demographic terms, Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank will be made available to the younger population (Chernev 2014). On psychological terms, Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank will be made available to individuals who have high values and beliefs on purchase of technology-driven products for making their work easier. On behavioral terms, Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank will be made available to the individuals who have intensity to purchase electronic gadgets that can charge more than two gadgets at a time. Target Market Strategy Mass Marketing- Mass marketing is one of the marketing strategy where the firm decides upon to ignore market segment differences as well as appeal the whole market with one offer or one strategy that particularly supports the idea of broadcasting a message that can reach the largest number of people possible (Weinstein and Pohlman 2015). In this marketing, the marketers make use of radio, television and newspaper for reaching out large number of audience. Differentiated Marketing- This type of marketing strategy is used by companies when they create campaigns that appeal at least two market segments or the target groups. Concentrated Marketing- This type of market strategy takes place when product is developed as well as marketed for a well-defined and specific segment of the consumer population (Chernev 2014). Customized Marketing- This type of marketing method takes place when advertiser tries for customizing the message that meets the unique needs of a specific customer or specific subset of customers. Justification of using the appropriate target market strategy In this particular study, concentrated marketing strategy will be used as Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank is developed as well as marketed for a reason where customer will gain benefits from its battery backup facilities when they need it during emergency. This product is offered to a specific consumer population who have the internet access and tech-savvy youth population. Sustained Competitive Advantage There are various product attributes of Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank that is actually important for the customers as it can charge a mobile for short period of time (Weinstein and Pohlman 2015). Possible sustained competitive advantage for the product is to make available to the target customers so that they have the access to Turbo Multifunctional Power Bank. Positioning Strategy The Positioning strategy adopted for these electronic gadgets will be focusing on excellent service, quality as well as technological advancements. The price point was reached as planned as well as position in the market where it is strong as well as reaches the pre-determined goals. In this case, the product is offered at affordable prices where there is one year warranty. Slogans for positioning strategy is Service, Quality and Technological Advancements Potential factors affecting buyer behavior Buying power of individuals can potentially influence purchase of the electronic gadgets. Technologically advanced individuals who are tech savvy and have the intention to purchase the latest technology electronic gadgets will directly influences the minds of those customers for making the purchase at a price (Weinstein and Pohlman 2015). Good word of mouth communication from family members and friends might potentially influence purchase. Promotional activities can likely influence the purchase of the electronic gadget product. Social factors might influence the purchase of electronic gadgets. Time factors can likely influence the purchase of electronic gadgets. References Bickhoff, N., Hollensen, S. and Opresnik, M., 2014. Marketing and marketing management: A first basic understanding. InThe Quintessence of Marketing(pp. 3-15). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Chernev, A., 2014.Strategic marketing management. Cerebellum Press. Dickinson, J.R., 2014. The marketing management experience.Developments in Business Simulation and Experiential Learning,27. Ekpo, A.E., Riley, B.K., Thomas, K.D., Yvaire, Z., Gerri, G.R.H. and Muoz, I.I., 2015. As worlds collide: The role of marketing management in customer-to-customer interactions.Journal of Business Research,68(1), pp.119-126. Foxall, G., 2014.Strategic Marketing Management (RLE Marketing)(Vol. 3). Routledge. Hollensen, S., 2015.Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Kotler, P., Keller, K.L., Ancarani, F. and Costabile, M., 2014.Marketing management 14/e. Pearson. Kotler, P., Keller, K.L., Manceau, D. and Hmonnet-Goujot, A., 2015.Marketing management(Vol. 14). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Meffert, H., 2013.Marketing-Management: AnalyseStrategieImplementierung. Springer-Verlag. Pealoza, L., Toulouse, N. and Visconti, L.M. ., 2013.Marketing management: A cultural perspective. Routledge. Sheth, J.N. and Sisodia, R.S., 2015.Does marketing need reform?: Fresh perspectives on the future. Routledge. Weinstein, A. and Pohlman, R.A., 2015. Customer value: a new paradigm for marketing management. InProceedings of the 1997 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 132-133). Springer International Publishing.